How do I know if my dog is obese

Dog Obesity: Why Its Important To Manage Your Dogs Weight

Plump puppies may be cute, but when it comes to canine health, lean is better.

Still, as is true with humans, too many dogs are overweight, according to the Association For Pet Obesity Prevention (APOP). In its eighth annual survey of the girth of American pets, released in March 2015, the organization found that 53 percent of the nations dogs are overweight.

International research suggests that this is a global problem, with surveys from various parts of the world showing that the incidence of canine obesity around 40 percent or more.Most investigators say that this health issue gets worse each year. Another part of the APOP survey showed that in 2014, 17.6 percent of dogs were clinically obese (30 percent or more overweight). That was up a full point from just one year before.

Courtesy of APOP

Even worse, 95 percent of owners dont realize that their plump dogs need to drop a few pounds. The APOP calls this a fat pet gap, in which a chubby dog is identified as normal.

Dr. Ernie Ward, veterinarian and founder of APOP says, Pet owners think their obese dog or cat is a normal weight, making confronting obesity difficult. No one wants to think their pet is overweight, and overcoming denial is our first battle.

Health Problems Caused By Dog Obesity

There are many diseases and conditions that come along with extra pounds. These include:

How to Tell If Your Dog Is Obese

The rules range for people, but for pets, figuring out whether your dog is overweight or obese is a matter of both appearance and touch. You should, for example, be able to feel your dogs ribs when you press her sides. Several dog-food manufacturers have canine body-condition charts that can help you determine if your dog needs to drop a few pounds. Heres an example:

What to Do If Your Dog Needs a Diet?

As with humans, there are a few tried-and-true methods for slimming down. First, you should check with your vet to make sure that the excess weight is not the result of an underlying health problem or disease. Also, before you changefood or reduce calories, youll want to get your dog a checkup and talk to your vet about the best options. After taking these steps, check out these helpful tips:

Measure Meals:Keeping a diary is one of the most important steps in any human weight-loss program. Since dogs cant write, youll have to do it for him. Keep track of how much kibble you are feeding by using a measuring cup.

Establish a Schedule:If you free-feed, leaving food down all day, offer meals on a set schedule. Put the food down for a certain time, perhaps 15 minutes, and take up any food that the dog does not eat.

Limit Between-Meal Snacks:Dogs get a lot of calories in addition to their regular kibble. These can include anything from training treats to a biscuit slipped over the fence by a friendly neighbor. Those calories add up. Find out where the extras are coming from and manage how many extra goodies the dog is getting.

Choose Low-Calorie Treats:Many store-bought treats, especially biscuits, can be fattening. The same goes for chews. Some dogs will be just as happy with fruits or vegetables, like bananas, carrots, green beans, and apple slices, for example.

Certain chews, such as the popular bully sticks, are higher in calories than most people believe. A recent study from Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University examined the nutrients found in 26 different kinds of bully sticks. Each inch contained between 9 and 26 calories. While calorie information isnt currently required on pet treats or most pet foods, these findings reinforce that veterinarians and pet owners need to be aware of pet treats like these bully sticks as a source of calories in a dogs diet, Lisa M. Freeman, DVM, Ph.D., DACVN, professor of nutrition at TCSVM, said in a news release describing the study results. Several companies have developed low-calorie commercial treats. When you try any new treat, offer just a small portion to make sure it agrees with your dogs digestion.

Get Moving! This may be the best thing you can do to help your heavy hound. Before starting any exercise regime, have your dog checked by your veterinarian to make sure it is an appropriate and reasonable activity. Start slow and work up as directed by your vet to prevent possible injury.There are so many activities you and your dog can do together that its impossible to mention them all. Here are some of the best to start a weight-reducing program:

• Swimming is low-impact and can build muscles and burn calories without hurting joints.
• Walking, also low-impact, has the added benefit of getting both of you out of the house and into the fresh air.
• Fetch is fun, and its quick sprints will do a lot to raise fitness levels.

Is your dog overweight? Know the signs

Weight gain in dogs is not just caused by eating too many treats. There are a variety of factors that contribute to pet obesity. Here are some of the more common reasons your dog may be gaining weight.

Age. As dogs get older, their metabolism slows down, and they require fewer calories per day compared to younger, more active dogs. If they continue to eat the same diet, they are more at risk of obesity. Elderly dogs can also suffer from certain health conditions that may cause them to gain weight, such as diabetes, and joint problems, which may limit mobility.

Breed. Certain breeds are predisposed to weight gain due to their naturally lower energy levels. Other breeds may be genetically predisposed to weight gain. For example, scientists at the University of Cambridge have found that a significant proportion of Labradors and retrievers carry a variant of the POMC gene. This is strongly associated with obesity and a lack of appetite control.

Health issues. If your dog lost a significant amount of weight or experienced unexplained weight gain in a short time, they could be suffering from an underlying health condition, as hypothyroidism. Certain medications can also cause weight gain in canines, particularly steroidal anti-inflammatories.

Neutering/spaying. Neutering or spaying alters your pets natural hormone balance, which can cause weight gain. However, a study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association found that these effects were only significant in the first two years after surgery.

Lack of exercise. Canine couch potatoes will burn off fewer calories than a dog that constantly has the zoomies! You will need to account for your dogs energy levelswhen determining the right amount of food to feed your pup. Smaller dog breeds will also require fewer calories than larger dog breeds. Dog food packaging will show feeding guidelines that you can use as a general guide. However, remember that every dog is different. If youre uncertain, always speak to your veterinarian.

Sex. Female dogs are more likely to gain excess weight compared to male dogs, especially after spaying. Estrogen plays a large part in appetite regulation, and spayed dogs produce less of this hormone. So, its appetite-suppressing effects are reduced. Contrary to popular opinion, both male and female dogs naturally produce estrogen, but its more pronounced in females because it controls ovulation.

Overfeeding. Some commercial dog foods and treats are high in calories, which can lead to weight gain in the long run. Just because certain prescription diets are labeled low-fat, it doesnt mean they are low in calories. Many budget foods contain dense fillers that lack the essential nutrients dogs need for optimum health. Check your dogs food to ensure there is enough protein. Portion sizes vary by food type and between dogs depending on their breed, age, and health status. A strict feeding schedule is still essential to help your dog lose weight.

Obesity in dogs

How to help your dog lose weight

Weight loss plans should be individual to your dog, so it is best to speak to your vet practice for help if you would like your dog to lose weight. Plans will generally consist of changing their diet and making sure they are getting enough exercise.

Diet The best option for many dogs will be a special weight reduction food which has the correct levels of fat, protein, and nutrients to support weight loss whilst helping your dog to not get too hungry. You should measure the amount of food carefully. Your vet or vet nurse can help you work out how much you should be giving to your dog. You should also restrict the amount of treats you give your dog. Read our advice on what to feed your dog and visit our Weigh Up page for more information.

Exercise Alongside a change in diet, you should make sure that your dog is getting enough exercise. The amount of exercise your dog needs depends on their age, breed, and health. Read our advice on how much exercise your dog needs and visit our Weigh Up page for more information.

Monitoring Weight loss in dogs is more successful when you have regular weigh-ins. Many vet practices offer weight clinics and have scales in their waiting room that you can use without an appointment. You should continue monitoring your dogs weight regularly, even after they get to their ideal weight as this will help to keep them at their ideal size. Check out our video on how to weigh your dog at home.

How Can You Tell If Your Pet Is Overweight?

Reviewed for accuracy and updated on November 5, 2019, by Dr. Katie Grzyb, DVM

According to the Association for Pet Obesity Preventions (APOP) 2018 Pet Obesity Survey, 55.8% of dogs are classified as overweight or obese.

That means that most pets these days are overweight, even if many of their owners dont realize it.

But dog owners should be paying more attention to their dogs weight, since being overweight puts your dog at risk for many diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease andarthritis.

And while your vet can diagnose an overweight or obese dog, its easy for you to determine, too, if you know how.

Here are some tips for how to tell if your dog is overweight so that you can start a conversation with your veterinarian and help get your dog back to a healthy weight.

How to Determine If Your Dog Is Overweight

Here are three of the most reliable tools for determining if your dog is overweight.

Body Condition Score Charts

The best way to determine whether a pet is obese is by using a measurement system such as the body condition score, says Dr. Jim Dobies, a veterinarian with South Point Pet Hospital in Charlotte, North Carolina, and a member of the North Carolina Veterinary Medical Association (NCVMA).

Body condition score charts help you figure out where your pet falls on the healthy weight scale. Most body condition score charts work on a scale of 1-5 or 1-91 being emaciated, and the highest number being morbidly obese.

The World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) has a great example of a body condition score chart that depicts the side view and top view of dogs that are emaciated, underweight, average, overweight and obese.

Visually Assess Your Dogs Body

But you can also assess your dog without using a dog body condition chart, Dr. Dobies says.

The best way to visually assess your dogs weight is to stand above them and look down on them. You should be able to feel their ribs but not see them. If you can see them, they are too skinny, Dr. Dobies explains.

If you cant see your dogs ribs, and you cant feel them by placing your hands on the sides of their chest, your dog is overweight, says Dr. Dobies.

Dogs should also have a nice taper at their waist (between the abdomen and where the hips go into the socket), he says. If there is very little or none at all, they are too heavy and theyll be oval-shaped.

And a very obese dog, he says, will have a pendulous abdomen, hip fat and neck fat, all of which are very noticeable. But pets dont usually reach this point of obesity until theyre at least 7 years old, he adds.

Healthy Weight Protocol for Dogs

Veterinarians can also use tools like the science-based Healthy Weight Protocol, which was created by Hills Pet Nutrition in conjunction with veterinary nutritionists at the University of Tennessee.

A vet takes measurementsfour for a dogthen inputs them into the Healthy Weight Protocol system to determine your dogs body fatindex. By comparing this with a chart, your veterinarian can tell you exactly how much weight your pet needs to lose if they are overweight.

This system allows vets to take a more scientific approach to a dogs weight loss needs. It helps them to determine exactly how many pounds a dog would need to lose and how many calories a day they need to do that healthily.

Talk With Your Veterinarian

Your veterinarian is your greatest ally for maximizing your dogs overall health. They can help you determine whether your dog is currently overweight and help you devise the best plan for helping your dog shed the extra weight in a safe way.

By: Amanda Baltazar

Featured Image: iStock.com/Firn